Autism Update:
Sulfate Tables
This website is all about the oxides of
sulfur, in particular the sulfate
content of drinking water as it affects autism. Across the United
States, the sulfate
concentration of tap water has a median value of 24 mg/l although it
varies widely. Preliminary data
suggests that states with high rates of autism average only 13 mg/l of
sulfate in their water. Whereas, states with the lowest rates of autism
average more than 113. For many
people, bottled water has become just as important as tap water.
Unfortunately, most bottled water is just distilled tap water with the
sulfate reduced to nothing. This suggests that drinking such
bottled water may increase the risk of autism.
Using
data from water quality reports, Bottled Water Web, Gerolsteiner and my
own testing
using a Hanna photometer, the following information on bottled water
was collected. It is supplemented by data from the Journal of Food
Composition and Analysis in a report titled "The Sulfate Content of
Food and Beverages" by Timothy Florin from the University of Queensland
in Australia. The information is summarized in 4 tables covering
bottled water, beverages and foods.
Low
Sulfate Water: the
first table lists domestic and international bottled water with sulfate
levels less than 24 mg/l. Replacing tap water with these bottled waters
could reduce your overall level of protective sulfate and
elevate
your risk for autism.
Low Sulfate Water ( under 24 mg/l )
|
Domestic
|
|
International |
Abita Springs
|
Adobe Springs |
Alaska Chill
|
|
Ague S. Innes |
Alba Water |
Alkalife |
Alhambra
|
American Falls
|
Angel Fire
|
|
Antipodes
|
Aqua d'Or
|
Aquatique |
Aqua Hydrate
|
Aquafina
|
Aquamantra
|
|
Asahi Sprng
|
Avra
|
Ballygowan
|
Aquarius Natural
|
Archer Farms
|
Bonaqua
|
|
Bisleri
|
Black Forest
|
Borjomi
|
Atlanta Bread
|
Avita
|
Baccara
|
|
Bru Eau
|
Capi
|
Carley Spring
|
Belmont Springs
|
Black Mount
|
Bristol Farms
|
|
Celtic Prestige
|
Cristaline
|
Damavand
|
Calistoga Still
|
Castle Rock
|
Catskill
|
|
Evian
|
Ferrarelle
|
Figi Water
|
Cobb Mountain
|
Crystal Clear
|
Crystal Geyser
|
|
Fuenta Umbria
|
Gota Water
|
Highland
|
Crystal Lake
|
Crystal Rock
|
Crystal Springs
|
|
Himalayan
|
Ice Age Prem
|
Icelandic
|
Cumberland
|
Cumby's
|
CVS Gold
|
|
Lauretana
|
Luso
|
Magnesia
|
Dasani
|
Deep Rock
|
Deer Park
|
|
Montforte
|
Naya Canada
|
Olympos
|
Deja Blue
|
Deluge
|
Diamond
|
|
Pedras
|
Princes Gate
|
Ramlosa
|
Eldorado
|
Essentia
|
Famous Prem
|
|
S. Bernardo
|
S. Benedetto
|
San Clemente
|
Famous Roman
|
Fountainhead
|
Gerber Grad
|
|
San Mateo
|
Selters Spring
|
Sole
|
Give Love
|
Glacier Lakes
|
Great Value
|
|
Spa Reine
|
Stanceni
|
Swiss Mount
|
Green Bottle
|
Hawaiian
|
Hildon Wasser
|
|
Tasmanian Rain
|
Tipperary
|
Ty Nant
|
Hillcrest
|
Hinkley
|
Ice Mountain
|
|
Valser Silence
|
Vera Water
|
Vilkos
|
Keeper Springs
|
Kirkland Sig
|
Kroger
|
|
Virga Tasmanian
|
Volvic
|
Voss Spark
|
La Croix
|
Laure Pristine
|
Life Water
|
|
Aquadraat
|
Windsor
|
Yanabea
|
Loon County
|
Mt. Olympus
|
Mount Valley
|
|
|
|
|
Nature's Pride
|
Pure Life
|
NY Seltzer
|
|
|
|
|
Niagra
|
Nicolet
|
Noah's Spring
|
|
|
|
|
Odwalla
|
Ozarka Spring
|
Palomar
|
|
|
|
|
Panther Creek
|
Penta
|
Poland Spring
|
|
|
|
|
Primo
|
Pure American
|
Quibell Spring
|
|
|
|
|
Safeway Fresh
|
Sam's Choice
|
Saratoga Spr.
|
|
|
|
|
Smart Water
|
Snow Line
|
Snow Valley
|
|
|
|
|
Sparketts
|
Trinity
|
Vermont Pure
|
|
|
|
|
Vassa Pure
|
Walgreens
|
Wegmans
|
|
|
|
|
Winn Dixie
|
Wissahickon
|
World Market
|
|
|
|
|
Xtra Mart
|
Zephyrills
|
|
|
|
|
|
High Sulfate Water: the second
table lists mineral water with sulfate concentrations
greater than 24 mg/l. According to the Brimstone Theory, such water
should be beneficial and offer a shield against autism. The autism book
highlights San Pellegrino as an example of high sulfate mineral water
rated
at
408 mg/l and available in many stores across the USA and around the
world.
High Sulfate Water ( over 24 mg/l )
|
Name
|
Country |
Sulfate
|
|
Name |
Country |
Sulfate |
Arrowhead
|
USA
|
42 mg/l
|
|
Acqua Panna
|
Italy
|
29 mg/l
|
Callistoga Sparkling
|
USA
|
110
|
|
Adello Classic
|
Switzerland
|
1270
|
Colfax
|
USA
|
1900
|
|
Alpquell Prickelnd
|
Austria
|
562
|
Crazy Water #2
|
USA
|
170
|
|
Alwa Classic
|
Germany
|
1107
|
Crazy Water #3
|
USA
|
434
|
|
Apollinaris
|
Germany
|
100
|
Crazy Water #4
|
USA
|
1170
|
|
Aqua Indonesia
|
Indonesia
|
40
|
Eventide Natural
|
USA
|
40
|
|
Aqua Romer Classic
|
Germany
|
1382
|
Famous Deep Well
|
USA
|
168
|
|
Aqua Sacra
|
Italy
|
53
|
Giant Springs
|
USA
|
148
|
|
Astoria Prickelnd
|
Austria
|
461
|
Manitou Mineral
|
USA
|
120
|
|
Badoit
|
France
|
35
|
Ozardar
|
USA
|
1667
|
|
Blenheim
|
UK
|
48
|
Pagosa Springs
|
USA
|
1400
|
|
Brouwerij Roman
|
Belgium
|
155
|
Parley's Canyon
|
USA
|
68
|
|
Chaudfontaine
|
Belgium
|
40
|
Pure Montana
|
USA
|
148
|
|
Contrex Mineral
|
France
|
430
|
Seven Creeks
|
USA
|
40
|
|
Elmer
|
Switzerland
|
120
|
Sparkling Mineral
|
USA
|
83
|
|
Eptinger
|
Switzerland
|
1445
|
Starkey Spring
|
USA
|
140
|
|
Fonte DeMedici
|
Italy
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
Gasteiner Mineral
|
Austria
|
36
|
|
|
|
|
Gerolstenier
Mineral
|
Germany
|
38
|
Perrier
|
France
|
46
|
|
Hepar Mineral
|
France
|
1530
|
Pure Swiss
|
Switzerland
|
201
|
|
Iskilde
|
Denmark
|
35
|
Radenska Classic
|
Slovenia
|
72
|
|
Juvina Mineral
|
Austria
|
102
|
San Pellegrino
|
Italy
|
408
|
|
Korunni Mineral
|
Czech Rep
|
57
|
Saint Amand
|
France
|
372
|
|
Kristalyviz
|
Hungary
|
201
|
St-Yorre
|
France
|
174
|
|
Malavella
|
Spain
|
47
|
Uberkinger
Classic
|
Germany
|
1113
|
|
Mattoni
|
Czech Rep
|
42
|
Valser Classic
|
Switzerland
|
941
|
|
Montes Mineral
|
Austria
|
349
|
Vellamo Mineral
|
Finland
|
47
|
|
Morshynska
|
Ukraine
|
100
|
Vichy Catalan
|
Spain
|
50
|
|
Narzan Mineral
|
Russia
|
400
|
Villers Monopole
|
Belgium
|
48
|
|
Oro Luxury
|
Macedonia
|
150
|
Vittel
|
France
|
306
|
|
Penafiel
|
Mexico
|
130
|
Sulfate in Beverages: according
to the Florin report, the following beverages have relatively high
levels of sulfate. But to put them into proper context, typical serving
sizes must be considered. Tap and bottled water is generally consumed
in amounts approaching 2 liters per day. So, a single 8 ounce glass of
any beverage may make only a moderate difference in
total sulfate. As an example, let's calculate the sulfate in 2
liters of typical tap water: 2 liters x 24 mg/l = 48 mg. If we
substitute a glass of milk (at 100 mg/l) for a glass of water, the
total changes from 48 to 67 mg of sulfate. This represents a small
gain but not much when compared to the 510 mg deficit calculated for
those with autism.
Sulfate
Content of Beverages ( Florin )
|
Beverage
|
Con (mg/l)
|
Serving Size
|
Serve (liters)
|
Sulfate (mg) |
alcohol (gin, whisky)
|
10 mg/l
|
1.5 ounces
|
0.05 liter
|
1 mg total
|
beer (bitter)
|
260
|
12 ounces
|
0.36 |
94 |
beer (lager)
|
130
|
12 ounces
|
0.36 |
47
|
beer (stout)
|
40
|
12 ounces
|
0.36 |
14
|
cider
|
270
|
6 ounces
|
0.18
|
49
|
coffee (water is extra)
|
100
|
8 ounces
|
0.24
|
24
|
juice (apple, citrus)
|
70
|
6 ounces
|
0.18
|
13
|
juice (grape)
|
200
|
6 ounces
|
0.18
|
36
|
juice (tomato)
|
250
|
6 ounces
|
0.18
|
45
|
milk
|
100
|
8 ounces
|
0.24
|
24
|
soft drink (cola)
|
80
|
12 ounces
|
0.36
|
29
|
soft drink (non
cola)
|
40
|
12 ounces
|
0.36
|
14
|
soy milk
|
100
|
8 ounces
|
0.24
|
24
|
tea (water is
extra)
|
100
|
6 ounces
|
0.18
|
18
|
wine (red)
|
380
|
5 ounces
|
0.15
|
57
|
wine (white)
|
300
|
5 ounces
|
0.15
|
45
|
mineral water
(Pellegrino)
|
408
|
1 liter
|
1.00
|
408
|
Sulfate in Food: a similar
table is shown for sufate in food. The units of
concentration are mg/g or milligrams of sulfate per gram of food.
Again, to put things into perspective, the serving size must be
considered. And the resulting sulfate compared to the 510 mg autistic
shortfall we are trying to correct. This is why a liter of
mineral water like Pellegrino can be important, adding 408 mg sulfate
to any diet regardless of its varied composition. It seems more
practical than suggesting 6 servings of broccoli every day.
Sulfate
Content of Typical Foods (Florin)
|
Bread and Flour
|
Con (mg/g)
|
Serving Size
|
Serve (grams)
|
Sulfate (mg) |
bread (white)
|
1.3 mg/g
|
1 slice
|
28 grams
|
36 mg |
bread (wheat)
|
1.5
|
1 slice
|
36 |
54
|
bread (rye)
|
0.8
|
1 slice
|
28 |
22
|
cereal (bran)
|
0.3
|
1/2 cup
|
30
|
9
|
cereal (corn flakes)
|
0.3
|
1/2 cup
|
30
|
9
|
cereal (oats)
|
0.1
|
1/2 cup
|
30
|
3
|
flour (soy)
|
1.21
|
1/4 cup
|
32
|
39
|
flour (whole wheat)
|
0.23
|
1/4 cup
|
32
|
7
|
flour (white wheat)
|
0.26
|
1/4 cup
|
32
|
8
|
flour (barley,
oat)
|
0.14
|
1/4 cup
|
32
|
4
|
corn meal
|
0.20
|
1/2 cup
|
60
|
12
|
pasta (durum)
|
0.30
|
2 oz
|
56
|
17
|
rice (cooked in
water)
|
0.06
|
1 cup
|
190
|
11
|
Nuts and Seeds
|
Con (mg/g)
|
Serving Size
|
Serve (grams)
|
Sulfate (mg) |
almonds
|
0.9 mg/g
|
1 oz
|
28 grams
|
25 mg |
brazil nuts
|
0.3
|
1 oz
|
28 |
8
|
hazelnuts
|
0.9
|
1 oz
|
28 |
25
|
peanuts
|
0.7
|
1 oz
|
28
|
20
|
sunflower seeds
|
0.6
|
1 oz
|
28
|
17
|
walnuts
|
0.1
|
1 oz
|
28
|
3
|
Vegetables
|
Con (mg/g)
|
Serving Size
|
Serve (grams)
|
Sulfate (mg) |
avocado
|
0.52 mg/g
|
1/2 avocado
|
80 grams
|
42 mg |
beans
|
0.11
|
1/2 cup
|
120 |
13
|
broccoli
|
0.90
|
1 cup
|
90 |
81
|
cabbage
|
0.80
|
1 cup
|
90
|
72
|
carrot
|
0.12
|
1/4 cup
|
60
|
7
|
eggplant
|
0.08
|
1/2 cup
|
80
|
6
|
lettuce
|
0.17
|
1 cup
|
60
|
10
|
mushroom
|
0.09
|
1/4 cup
|
60
|
5
|
onion
|
0.04
|
1/4 cup
|
60
|
2
|
peas
|
0.21
|
2/3 cup
|
90
|
19
|
potato
|
0.31
|
1 potato
|
120
|
37
|
spinach
|
0.18 |
1/2 cup
|
90 |
16 |
tomato
|
0.16
|
1/2 tomato
|
80
|
13
|
Fruit
|
Con (mg/g)
|
Serving Size
|
Serve (grams)
|
Sulfate (mg) |
apple
|
0.03 mg/g
|
1 apple
|
140 grams
|
4 mg |
apricot
|
0.06
|
1/2 cup
|
120 |
7
|
banana
|
0.07
|
1 banana
|
130 |
9
|
dry fruit (dates)
|
1.10
|
6 dates
|
40
|
44
|
dry fruit (prunes)
|
1.20
|
5 prunes
|
40
|
48
|
dry fruit (raisins)
|
1.30
|
1/4 cup
|
40
|
52
|
grapes
|
0.19
|
1/2 cup
|
120
|
23
|
kiwi fruit
|
0.21
|
1/2 cup
|
120
|
25
|
mango
|
0.04
|
1/2 cup
|
120
|
5
|
orange
|
0.04
|
1/2 cup
|
120
|
5
|
pear
|
0.05
|
1/2 cup
|
120
|
6
|
strawberries
|
0.06 |
1/2 cup
|
120 |
7
|
Meat & Fish (no enzymes)
|
Con (mg/g)
|
Serving Size
|
Serve (grams)
|
Sulfate (mg) |
bacon
|
0.15 mg/g
|
2 slices
|
15 grams
|
2 mg |
corned beef
|
0.24
|
2 oz
|
56 |
13
|
frankfurter
|
0.21
|
1 link
|
56 |
12
|
ham
|
0.13
|
2 oz
|
56
|
7
|
liver
|
0.16
|
2 oz
|
56
|
9
|
meat, beef
|
0.15
|
4 oz
|
112
|
17
|
meat, chicken
|
0.15
|
4 oz
|
112
|
17
|
|
|
|
|
|
crab
|
0.81
|
2 oz
|
56
|
45
|
fish, salt water
|
0.13
|
4 oz
|
112
|
15
|
prawns
|
0.28
|
2 oz
|
56
|
16
|
shellfish
|
0.71 |
2 oz
|
56 |
40
|
Miscellaneous
|
Con (mg/g)
|
Serving Size
|
Serve (grams)
|
Sulfate (mg) |
cheese
|
0.13 mg/g
|
1 oz
|
28 grams
|
4 mg |
chocolate
|
0.24
|
1/2 oz
|
14 |
3
|
chips, potato
|
0.51
|
2 oz
|
56 |
29
|
egg, raw
|
0.12
|
1 egg
|
50
|
6
|
ice cream
|
0.21
|
1/2 cup
|
66
|
14
|
yoghurt
|
0.19
|
3/4 cup oz
|
160
|
30
|
|
|
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Rybett Controls
|
|